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Restoration pathways for rain forest in southwest Sri Lanka: A review of concepts and models

Background

In the last 10 years government policy towards remaining rain forest in Sri Lanka has changed from one that promoted commercial exploitation to one of conservation, recognizing the growing importance of uplands as catchments for water production, biodiversity conservation and other downstream services. This review article discusses recent research on rain forest dynamics of southwest Sri Lanka with the objective of how this knowledge can be used for forest restoration.

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Reforestation and Regrowth in the Human Dominated Landscapes of South Asia

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This study evaluates the drivers of reforestation and regrowth in South Asia using case studies and a meta-analysis of 24 papers.

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Restoring rainforest fragments: Survival of mixed-native species seedlings under contrasting site conditions in the Western Ghats, India

Background

Historical fragmentation and a current annual deforestation rate of 1.2% in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot have resulted in a human-dominated landscape of plantations, agriculture, and developed areas, with embedded rainforest fragments that form biodiversity refuges and animal corridors. This study evaluates restoration efficacy for tropical rainforest under three different site conditions in the Anamalai hills, India.

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Perceptions of Biodiversity, Environmental Services, and Conservation of Planted Mangroves: A Case Study on Nijhum Dwip Island, Bangladesh

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Open access copy available

The Bigger Picture: Tropical Forest Change in Context, Concept and Practice

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This article discusses differing concepts of reforestation between the fields of forest science and land change science. Most data from the field of forest science is small in scale and evaluates growth and production from the perspective of use of wood products.

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Mangrove Reforestation at Six Lakes

Background

Mangrove forests provide a wide range of benefits; they are used as spawning grounds for fish, have medicinal properties, and protect against flood waves. Yet, mangroves around the world are being degraded. Specifically, in 2004 in Sri Lanka a Tsunami severely damaged the countries mangrove forests. The Mangrove Reforestation at Six Lakes aims to remedy this destruction.

Open access copy available

Himachal Pradesh Reforestation Project

Background

After a series of consultations with a variety of stakeholders, the MidHimalayan Watershed Development Project was established in order to reforest critical areas in the Siwalik hills. 

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Cooperative Afforestation in Sirsa, Haryana

BACKGROUND

This CDM project targets an area affected by aeolian (wind blown) sand, and with degraded croplands spread across eight villages. The area comprises 369.87 ha belonging to 227 farmers; which is generally left to fallow. Large areas of land are without any vegetation due to frequent dust storms of various intensities. The dust storms toss up large amount of sand, dust and suspended particles into the air and pollute the ambient atmosphere. 

Open access copy available

A Unified Framework for the Restoration of Southeast Asian Mangroves: Bridging Ecology, Society and Economics

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Tropical mangroves are some of the most dynamic and productive tropical ecosystems, but also most threatened. Mangrove restoration efforts are underway to restore the structure, function, and ecosystem services of mangroves, but often these projects fail.

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Dalbergia Sissoo Mortality in Bangladesh Plantations: Correlations with Environmental and Management Parameters

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This research seeks to correlate environmental and plantation conditions with the widespread mortality of Dalbergia sissoo trees planted in Bangladesh.

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Enrichment Planting of Dipterocarps in Logged-Over Secondary Forests: Effect of Width, Direction and Maintenance Method of Planting Line on Selected Shorea Species

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In this study, three different planting design experiements were conducted using three Dipterocarp tree species planted in a heavily logged area of South Kalimantan. The area was logged in 1979 and used for shifting cultivation until 1988.

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Participatory Forestry as a Strategy for Reforestation in Bangladesh

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This article describes Bangladesh's history of reforestation programs, notes the rarity of their success, and provides suggestions for future programs.

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What Does it Take? The Role of Incentives in Forest Plantation Development in Asia and the Pacific

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This document is a compilation of case studies from different countries on the incentives and their impact on plantation development in South and Southeast Asia. The countries addressed are Australia, China, India, Indonesia, New Zealand, The Philippines, Sabah (Malaysia), Thailand, and the United States.

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Effects of fire on the recruitment of rain forest vegetation beneath Pinus caribaea plantations, Sri Lanka

Background

Groundstory fires burn forest understories and can impact advance regeneration, contributing to conversion of forests to fire-sustained grasslands or fernlands. While plantations of fire-tolerant trees have been successfully established on these sites, managing fire in the newly developing understory remains an issue of concern.

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Release from Root Competition Promotes Tree Seedling Survival and Growth Following Transplantation into Human-Induced Grasslands in Sri Lanka

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This study evaluates the growth and survival of four native tree species planted as seedlings in grasslands situated in previously abandoned tea plantations.

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Impact of Plantation on Ecosystem Development in Disturbed Coal Mine Overburden Spoils

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This study evaluates the growth, survival, understory composition, and soil conditions in a plantation established on a mine site in India.

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Releasing Rain Forest Succession: A Case Study in the Dicranopteris linearis Fernlands of Sri Lanka

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This study evaluates the effectiveness of different site treatments for controlling the invasive fern Dicranopteris linearis which has arrested forest succession in areas of the Sinharaja Man and Biosphere (MAB) reserve in lowland Sri Lanka. The fernlands, which had existed in the reserve for 10-20 years before this study, are favored by forest clearance for swidden agriculture and periodic fires. 

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Role of Legumes in Release of Successionally Arrested Grasslands inthe Central Hills of Sri Lanka

Background

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Rainforest Restoration: A Guide to Principles and Practice

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This document provides an introduction to tropical forest restoration with applications and a detailed description of reforestation experiences in the Whestern Ghats of India.

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Ecology of Tree Seed and Seedlings: Implications for Tropical Forest Conservation and Restoration

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This article reviews literature concerning germination and seedling growth pertinent to tropical forest conservation and restoration, examining the various processes and factors that seeds are exposed to.

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