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Globalization, Forest Resurgence, and Environmental Politics in El Salvador

Background

El Salvador was seen as a classic case study of population growth, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity, yet contemporary studies have not supported these claims. Instead, it has been found that forest cover in El Salvador today is actually greater than previously estimated, including remnant forest, reforested areas, plantations, smallholder and NTFP plantations. This resource explores the potential drivers for this unsuspected reforestation.

Open access copy available

Afforestation and Forestry Land Allocation in Northern Vietnam: Analysing the Gap Between Policy Intentions and Outcomes

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This study looks at the policy factors surrounding the government's allocation of farmland for afforestation in northern Vietnam. This study takes place in the context of other large-scale afforestation projects conducted by governments in tropical countries, where land rights and livelihoods of local farmers can be at risk.

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Forest Transition in Vietnam and Bhutan: Causes and Environmental Impacts

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The authors evaluate the history of forest transition Vietnam and Bhutan.

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Reforestation: Conclusions and Implications

Background

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Implications of Country-Level Decisions on the Specification of Crown Cover in the Definition of Forests for Land Area Eligible for Afforestation and Reforestation Activities in the CDM

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Open access copy available

The Evolution of Reforestation in Brazil

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This article describes the history of incentives for reforestation in Brazil from the 1970s through 2001.

Open access copy available

The Fate of the Tropical Forest: Carbon or Cattle?

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The Clean Development Mechanism, established by the Kyoto Protocol, includes small-scale afforestation and reforestation projects as a means for participating developed countries to receive credit for emission redcutions.

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On the Restoration of High Diversity Forests: 30 years of Experience in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Open access copy available

Paying for Environmental Services: An Analysis of Participation in Costa Rica's PSA Program

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This study evaluates demographic and other factors that played a role in the participation of households in Costa Rica's Payment for Environmental Services program.

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Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest Ecosystems in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam: An Overview

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This document describes reforestation policies and actions in the four countries of the lower Mekong river: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Open access copy available

Farm Forestry: An Alternative to Government-Driven Reforestation in the Philippines

Background

This study reviews literature and various case studies about growing trees at the farm level by rural farmers. In the Philippines, millions of dollars have gone to employ people to plant trees as part of reforestation programs while only about 10% of those planted areas are successful. The authors assert that paying people to plant trees is unsustainable and often hindered by the lack of prompt release of funding.

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Payments for Environmental Services in Latin America as a Tool for Restoration and Rural Development

Background

Open access copy available

A Case Study Assessment of Agroforestry: The Panama Canal Watershed

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This article provides a qualitative assessment of three agroforestry sites in the Panama Canal watershed based on management objectives, project life span, incentives, technology, economic feasibility, community involvement, and extension. It seeks to guide sustainable forest management options for the Panamanian government.

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What Role Should Government Regulation Play in Ecological Restoration? Ongoing Debate in São Paulo State, Brazil

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Open access copy available

Landscape Rehabilitation of Degraded Tropical Forest Ecosystems: Case Study of the CIFOR/Japan Project in Indonesia and Peru

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The CIFOR/Japan project on tropical forest restoration involves three principal components: 1) evaluation of logging impacts on forest systems, 2) development of methods for the restoration of logged and degraded forests, and 3) development of silvicultural practices for degraded forests.

Open access copy available

Contextual Analysis of Agroforestry Adoption in the Buffer Zone of Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador

Background

Promoting sustainable agriculture and community development has been an important strategy both to alleviate resource pressures on Ecuador’s Podocarpus National Park (PNP) and surrounding forested areas in its buffer zone, and to aid local communities. However, many contextual factors drive neighboring rural and agricultural communities to put pressure on PNP and the surrounding landscape.

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The Political Economy of Reforestation and Forest Restoration in Asia-Pacific: Critical Issues for REDD+

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This study examines the political and economic factors that have commonly shaped reforestation and forest restoration initiatives in the greater Asia-Pacific region.

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Explaining Success on the Commons: Community Forest Governance in the Indian Himalaya

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This study describes how a range of causal influences shape forest conditions in diverse ecological and institutional settings in the Indian Himalaya.

Open access copy available

Social and Ecological Synergy: Local Rulemaking, Forest Livelihoods, and Biodiversity Conservation

Background

Open access copy available

Can Legality Verification Rescue Global Forest Governance? Analyzing the Potential of Public and Private Policy Intersection to Ameliorate Forest Challenges in Southeast Asia

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This review paper looks at the emergence of legality verification of forest timber products and its usefulness in addressing forest degradation. Legality verification, in the context of timber imports as discussed in this paper, is the process of supply chain tracking to ensure that all timber is legally harvested.

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