Journal Articles
Mangrove Forests: Protection Against and Resilience to Coastal DisturbancesBackgroundOpen access copy available |
A meta-analysis of the ecological and economic outcomes of mangrove restorationBackgroundMangrove forests provide many ecosystem services to local and global communities that are both ecologically and economically important. Global mangrove loss and degradation decrease the provision of ecosystem services; however, mangrove restoration projects can reverse these effects and support critical ecosystem services. Therefore, syntheses of different restoration project outcomes are necessary to encourage global political support and investment into preserving mangroves and their vital ecosystem services. Open access copy available |
Towards a modular multi ecosystem monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) framework for soil organic carbon stock change assessmentBackgroundSoils store roughly 1,500–2,400 petagrams (Pg) of organic carbon globally, more than the combined carbon in the atmosphere and vegetation, making soil organic carbon (SOC) a critical component of climate mitigation and land degradation neutrality targets. Many initiatives assume that relatively small annual increases in SOC across large areas could offset gigatonnes (Gt) of CO2, but these claims require robust, comparable monitoring systems. Current MRV approaches often focus on single sectors and use heterogeneous methods, limiting their usefulness for cross-ecosystem accounting and results-based finance. Open access copy available |
The Evolution of Carbon Market: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric StudyBackgroundCarbon markets are now central to climate policy because governments increasingly rely on carbon pricing to align economic decisions with emission reduction targets. As emissions trading systems and carbon taxes expand in scope and scale, policymakers and researchers need a clear picture of how underlying scholarship has developed and where knowledge gaps remain. Literature on carbon markets has grown rapidly, spanning multiple disciplines, making it difficult to track dominant themes, influential contributions, and blind spots, especially around equity, governance, and Global South experiences. Open access copy available |
Overestimated natural biological nitrogen fixation translates to an exaggerated CO2 fertilization effectBackgroundBiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) supplies a substantial fraction of reactive nitrogen of ecosystems, typically estimated in the tens to over 100 Tg N yr⁻¹ globally, thus constraining how strongly plants can respond to rising CO2. Many Earth system models (ESMs) parameterize BNF such that nitrogen does not strongly limit CO2 fertilization, potentially inflating modelled land carbon sinks and underestimating future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Quantifying this bias is important for realistic carbon budget and mitigation assessments. Open access copy available |
The construction of biodiversity in conservation policy discourse: A multiscalar analysisBackgroundOpen access copy available |
Emerging climate impact on carbon sinks in a consolidated carbon budgetBackgroundOpen access copy available |
Harnessing Biomass and Blue Carbon Potential: Estimating Carbon Stocks in the Vital Wetlands of Eastern Sumatra, IndonesiaBackgroundMangrove forests can store significantly more carbon per hectare than other tropical forests, making mangrove conservation an important strategy for climate change mitigation. Since mangrove forests are highly heterogeneous, site-specific observations and models are important to inform mangrove conservation. This study combines field observations of living biomass and soil carbon stocks with mathematical models to document the potential for mangrove conservation to sustain important carbon sinks in Indonesia. Open access copy available |
Realizing the social value of impermanent carbon creditsBackgroundNature-based solutions (NbS) for carbon sequestration provide additional benefits outside of climate change mitigation, such as protecting biodiversity and local livelihoods. However, NbS projects struggle with financing due to challenges demonstrating additionality, avoiding overestimation of carbon storage, establishing metrics to compare NbS with technological projects, and accounting for project impermanence (i.e., the future risk of carbon being released into the atmosphere due to fires, deforestation, disease, or severe weather events). Open access copy available |
Assessing the Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts of Mangrove Loss in Indonesia: A Synthesis for Science-Based PolicyBackgroundIndonesia’s rate of mangrove loss has accelerated to about 40% over the past 30 years. Despite the government’s policies and investments for mitigating mangrove degradation, low seedling survival, and poor site suitability have impeded restoration progress. This study aims to review mangrove loss in Indonesia and assess the negative impacts of mangrove loss on carbon stocks, local livelihoods, and ecosystem benefits (e.g., fisheries, coastal protection, biodiversity). Open access copy available |
