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Restoring tropical diversity: beating the time tax on species loss

Background

Open access copy available

The Potential for Carbon Sequestration Through Reforestation of Abandoned Tropical Agricultural and Pasture Lands

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This article reviews the field of carbon accumulation in tropical secondary forests to shed light on the ability of reforestation to encourage carbon sequestration.

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Restoring Forest Landscapes in the Face of Climate Change

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This book chapter focuses on how forest restoration can serve as an adaptive management strategy to climate change, especially given the positive impacts restoration can have for people and biodiversity.

Open access copy available

Forest Landscape Restoration in Context

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This book chapter describes the need for improved management of reforestation projects and affirms the value of a landscape-based approach.

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Reforestation: Conclusions and Implications

Background

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A Tri-Partite Framework of Forest Dynamics: Hierarchy, Panarchy, and Heterarchy in the Study of Secondary Growth

Background

As tropical forests continue to experience high levels of land use and land cover change (LULCC) as well as returning secondary growth, the literature is expanding to provide theoretical explanations for these processes. This report presents a three-part framework of forest dynamics that integrates multiple theoretical explanations for LULCC and secondary growth.

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Three Paths to Forest Expansion: A Comparative Historical Analysis

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This chapter describes various forms of reforestation and why those should be chosen. The author evaluates  three reforestation methods and the conditions in which they will continue.

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Survival and Growth of Under-Planted Trees: A Meta-Analysis Across four Biomes

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This article is a meta-analysis synthesizing the results of survival and growth of under-planted trees in forests in tropical, temperate coastal, boreal, and temperate deciduous forests. Additionally, the survival and growth of these underplanted trees are evaluated according to the silvicultural treatment affecting density of the overstory: uncut, dense shelterwood, intermediate density shelterwood, light density shelterwood, clear cut.

Open access copy available

Agroforestry as a Tool for Landscape Restoration

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Open access copy available

Principles of Natural Regeneration of Tropical Dry Forests for Restoration

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This review article describes the ecology of forest regeneration in tropical dry forests.

Open access copy available

UNFCCC Negotiations (pre-Kyoto to COP-9): What the Process Says about the Politics of CDM-Sinks

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Value and Risks of Expiring Carbon Credits from Afforestation and Reforestation Projects under the CDM

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One of the main concerns with afforestation and reforestation being part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is the issue of liability about the length and quality of the project (the risk of the forest or plantation being harvested or otherwise destroyed). To account for the non-permanent carbon storage of afforestation and reforestation projects, Credits for Emissions Reductions (CERs) can expire.

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Application of Assisted Natural Regeneration to Restore Degraded Tropical Forestlands

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Assisted natural regeneration (ANR) has been proposed as an alternative restoration method that reduces the costs and scalability barriers of other restoration alternatives. This article describes the steps to applying ANR to disturbed ecosystems where forest succession processes have been halted by dominant grass or fern monocultures. 

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Tropical forest recovery: Legacies of human impact and natural disturbances

Background

Land-use history interacts with natural forces to influence the severity of disturbance events and the rate and nature of recovery processes in tropical forests. This perspective article highlights several trends in tropical forest recovery processes emerging from recent literature.

Open access copy available

Beyond Deforestation: Restoring Forests and Ecosystem Services on Degraded Lands

Background

In this review, the author presents the various stages of topical forest restoration. She describes a spectrum of reforestation approaches varying by time, cost, and biodiversity conservation value.

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Rationales and Practices of Mangrove Afforestation

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This research presents guidelines for the site selection and planting of mangroves in tropical coastal areas.

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Ecology of Mangrove Growth and Recovery in the Lesser Antilles: State of Knowledge and Basis for Restoration Projects

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When and Where to Actively Restore Ecosystems?

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While conservation efforts around the world have focused on restoring degraded ecosystems to provide ecosystem services and benefit biodiversity, yet there has been an increasing recognition that certain ecosystems can rapidly recover without human intervention. This paper examines the question: what cases and to what extent should humans actively facilitate ecosystem recovery?

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Ecological Considerations for Using Dipterocarps for Restoration of Lowland Rainforest in Southeast Asia

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In this article, the authors present ecological factors that should be considered when engaging in dipterocarp forest restoration in Southeast Asia. Because many dipterocarps are insect-pollinated, have poor seed dispersal, have low density of reproductive adults, and have recalcitrant seeds, planting of nursery-reared tree seedlings could increase the ability of dipterocarp forests to regenerate.

Open access copy available

The Global Conservation Status of Mangroves

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This research evaluates mangrove stands in 16 countries and island states throughout the neo- and paleotropics. Relying on site visits, the authors evaluate the local impacts on mangroves and the attitudes toward mangroves.

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