Understanding the value and limitations of nature-based solutions to climate change and other global challenges

Understanding the value and limitations of nature-based solutions to climate change and other global challenges

background

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are initiatives that work with nature to adapt to environmental and climate challenges. NbS have grown in popularity in recent years, and are generally seen as a promising way to address the effects of climate change. Nature-based Solutions are also seen as a way to help countries achieve their Nationally-Determined Contributions (NDCs). Outlined by the UN Paris Agreement in 2016, NDCs are nations’ individual pledges to reduce CO2 emissions and adapt to climate change.

research goals & methods

Using a literature review approach, this article explores the benefits and potential pitfalls of large-scale NbS implementation. When properly implemented, Nature-based Solutions have been used successfully to lessen danger to people and the environment in a range of contexts. These include protection from erosion, flooding, sea level rise, and heat waves. In addition, there are potential socioeconomic benefits to local communities. In this paper, authors discussed financial, political, logistical and ethical barriers to implementing Nature-based Solutions.

conclusions & takeaways

Nature-based Solutions have the potential to help address climate change while also supporting other climate goals, such as biodiversity, ecosystem services, and sustainable development. However, there are ethical concerns to consider when providing economic incentives for NbS. These include the risk of land grabs, threats to land rights of local and indigenous peoples, and threats to local biodiversity. Authors conclude that Nature-based Solutions are promising, but careful planning and consideration is needed for effective implementation.

Reference: 

Berry, Pam, Chausson, Alexandre, Girardin, Cécile A.J., Seddon, Nathalie, Smith, Alison, Turner, Beth. 2020. "Understanding the value and limitations of nature-based solutions to climate change and other global challenges." Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 375, 1794 (March). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0120

Affiliation: 

  • Nature-based Solutions Initiative, Dept. of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK