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A Tri-Partite Framework of Forest Dynamics: Hierarchy, Panarchy, and Heterarchy in the Study of Secondary Growth

Background

As tropical forests continue to experience high levels of land use and land cover change (LULCC) as well as returning secondary growth, the literature is expanding to provide theoretical explanations for these processes. This report presents a three-part framework of forest dynamics that integrates multiple theoretical explanations for LULCC and secondary growth.

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Three Paths to Forest Expansion: A Comparative Historical Analysis

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This chapter describes various forms of reforestation and why those should be chosen. The author evaluates  three reforestation methods and the conditions in which they will continue.

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Principles of Natural Regeneration of Tropical Dry Forests for Restoration

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This review article describes the ecology of forest regeneration in tropical dry forests.

Open access copy available

Application of Assisted Natural Regeneration to Restore Degraded Tropical Forestlands

background

Assisted natural regeneration (ANR) has been proposed as an alternative restoration method that reduces the costs and scalability barriers of other restoration alternatives. This article describes the steps to applying ANR to disturbed ecosystems where forest succession processes have been halted by dominant grass or fern monocultures. 

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Beyond Deforestation: Restoring Forests and Ecosystem Services on Degraded Lands

Background

In this review, the author presents the various stages of topical forest restoration. She describes a spectrum of reforestation approaches varying by time, cost, and biodiversity conservation value.

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When and Where to Actively Restore Ecosystems?

Background

While conservation efforts around the world have focused on restoring degraded ecosystems to provide ecosystem services and benefit biodiversity, yet there has been an increasing recognition that certain ecosystems can rapidly recover without human intervention. This paper examines the question: what cases and to what extent should humans actively facilitate ecosystem recovery?

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Regreening the Bare Hills- Tropical Forest Restoration in the Asia-Pacific Region (Overview)

Background

In this book, the author addresses various concepts and techniques for reforestation in the deforested areas of the Asia-Pacific Region.

Open access copy available

Rehabilitation and Restoration of Degraded Forests

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This book offers a comprehensive overview of rehabilitation and restoration at the landscape and local levels, providing information on the factors which are known to impact succession, as well as different approaches to reforestation. The authors discuss the importance of including human well-being along with ecological well-being into any plan for rehabilitation or restoration.

Open access copy available

Restoration of Degraded Tropical Forest Landscapes

Background

Open access copy available

The Role of Animal Seed Dispersal in Accelerating Native Forest Regeneration on Degraded Tropical Lands

background

This article reviews the role of seed-dispersal in forest regeneration. In natural forest, species with animal-dispersed species tend to predominated in both early and mid-stages of succession, while wind-dispersed species tend to be vines and canopy species. The implications of wind versus animal seed dispersal are briefly summarized.

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Applied Nucleation as a Forest Restoration Strategy

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To combat deforestation and restore forest cover quickly and efficiently, this article proposes the use of applied nucleation as a restoration strategy. The article reviews research to date on applied nucleation, which is a method for restoring degraded landscapes in which small clusters of shrubs and trees are planted to encourage natural forest regeneration.

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Mixed-Species Plantings in Regreening the Bare Hills: Tropical Reforestation in the Asia-Pacific Region

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Restoring Ecological Functions

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Creating Woodland Islets to Reconcile Ecological Restoration, Conservation, and Agricultural Land Use

BAckground

The paper recognizes that there exists an agriculture and conservation paradox - agriculture is frequently in conflict with the other environmental services that forests provide. Thus, the authors review existing approaches to woodland restoration and consider the use of the woodland islets approach. 

Open access copy available

Strategies for Landscape-Scale Restoration in the Tropics

About

This publication summarizes the proceedings from the 2012 Conference of the International Society of Tropical Foresters, Yale Student Chapter, which took place on January 26-28,2012 at Yale University in New Haven, CT.

Open access copy available

The Restoration Diagnostic: A Method for Developing Forest Landscape Restoration Strategies by Rapidly Assessing the Status of Key Success Factors

Background

This report outlines the social, economic, and environmental benefits that forest restoration landscape restoration can have in countries with degraded or deforested landscapes.

Open access copy available

The Potential for Species Conservation in Tropical Secondary Forests

Background

The importance of tropical secondary forests for conserving biodiversity increases with the degradation of old-growth forests, yet little is known about the role that these forests play in promoting biodiversity. Geospatial and temporal factors influence the role of secondary forests in species conservation, and this synthesis of case studies evaluates the significance of these factors on regional and landscape scales.

Open access copy available

Restoration of Degraded Tropical Forest Landscapes

Background

Open access copy available

Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges

background

This article is a review of natural regeneration in the context of large-scale forest restoration in the tropics. The article provides case studies of successful natural regeneration, pointing out the side benefits of genetic adaptation, traditionally-used species, and local biodiversity. These features also bring greater ecosystem resilience.

Open access copy available

Ecological restoration success is higher for natural regeneration than for active restoration in tropical forests

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Open access copy available