Integrating local knowledge into public policy instruments for enhancing restoration: A study case from western Mexican tropical dry forest

Background

In Mexico's western state of Michoacán, the Zicuirán-Infiernillo Biosphere Reserve (ZIBR) is a complex socio-ecological system where tropical dry forests have suffered significant historical degradation, with only 20% remaining preserved as of 2003. This degradation stems from low-intensity human activities such as selective logging and free-range livestock herding. The region, including the ejidos (communally owned and managed lands) of Caja de Zicuirán and Naranjo de Tziritzícuaro, faces high socioeconomic marginalization, migration, and insecurity, which previous studies have shown can hinder conservation efforts. Local communities rely on the region’s natural resources and may hold valuable traditional knowledge essential for effective ecological restoration efforts.

Goals and Methods

The study proposes a framework to integrate local knowledge (LK) into public policy instruments for restoring degraded landscapes in Mexican protected natural areas. Recognizing that LK—practical know-how, beliefs, values, and techniques passed down through generations—is often overlooked in ecological restoration, the researchers aim to enhance effectiveness by involving local communities. The authors employ a Grounded Theory approach using semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and informal talks with residents from the two communities to systematically generate overarching theories on ecological knowledge, local issues, suggested restoration actions, and institutional roles.

Conclusions and Takeaways

The study concludes that involving local communities in all stages of ecological restoration is crucial for success. Residents provided essential information for planning, including ecological attributes, forest contributions, and restoration interventions. By integrating local knowledge into public policy and adopting an ecological restoration-based education approach, the framework enhances restoration efforts and strengthens the society-nature connection. Active community participation leads to benefits like reduced illegal logging and increased social cohesion. The findings support policies that foster long-term community involvement, collaboration with academics, and positive interactions with governmental and non-governmental organizations.