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Increasing local capacities in rural Panama

Background 

While Panama continues to have high levels of biodiversity, the country loss large swaths of forest between 1950 to 2000 primarily due to the expansion and intensification of cattle ranching. Drawing from their work with local ranchers, the authors review the emergence of cattle ranching in Panama along with potential solutions and unique approaches to halting these trends.

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Sustainable ranching and restoring forests in agricultural landscapes, Panama

Background

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Artisan Non-Timber Forest Products in Darien Province in Panama: The Importance of Context

Background

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Watershed Management for Ecosystem Services in Human Dominated Landscapes of the Neotropics

Background

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A Comparison of Governance Challenges in Forest Restoration in Paraguay’s Privately-Owned Forests and Madagascar’s Co-managed State Forests

Background

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Monitoring and Evaluating Forest Restoration Success

Background

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China’s Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program for Household Delivery of Ecosystem Services: How Important is a Local Implementation Regime to Survival Rate Outcomes?

Background

In response to catastrophic droughts in the lat 1990s, China launched one of the largest afforestation-based Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) progrms. Much research around this program has focused on the impact on rural welfare. This study, on the other hand, examines the tree survival rates during the “Grain for Green” Program based on socio-economic data of the single households.

Open access copy available

Forestry‐based carbon sequestration projects in Africa: Potential benefits and challenges

Background

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Evaluation of a rural development project in Southwest Cochabamba, Bolivia, and its agroforestry activities involving Polylepis besseri and other native species – a decade of lessons learned

Background

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Edge‐effects Drive Tropical Forest Fragments Towards an Early‐Successional System

Background

This paper assembles empirical and theoretical evidence to argue that “edge effects” trigger a rapid and inevitable successional process that drives most remaining neotropical forest fragments towards a persistent early-successional system. 

Open access copy available

Environmentality: Community, Intimate Government, and the Making of Environmental Subjects in Kumaon, India

Background

Agrawal writes about the relationship between government and subjectivity, particularly about the processes that create “environmental subjects” (people who care about the environment), using an example of changing interests in forest protection following the creation of community-forest management groups in Kumaon, India.

Open access copy available

A Multicountry Assessment of Tropical Resource Monitoring by Local Communities

Background

The study compared data collected on status and trends collected independently by local community members and trained scientists for 63 taxa and five types of resource use in 34 tropical forest sites over 2.5 years so examine the assumption that local people are less objective than external scientists when monitoring natural resources.

Open access copy available

Strategies for empowering the local people to participate in forest restoration

Background

This study examined how local people’s involvement in determining and establishing appropriate reforestation techniques and practices can yield positive results. The study also examined the conditions for local people’s willingness to participate in implementing such techniques in their practices. The study was conducted in 10 villages surrounding Mabira Forest Reserve located in Central Uganda.

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Socio-Economic Indicators for Forest Restoration Projects

Background

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Burning biodiversity: Fuelwood harvesting causes forest degradation in human-dominated tropical landscapes

Background

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The Future of Plantation Forests and Forest-Based Industry in Indonesia

Background

The author explores the historical development of plantation forests in Indonesia and then concludes that a stable governmental framework is crucial to facilitate sustainable plantation forest development. He also highlights the importance of cooperation with the processing industry and the alignment of the latter to potential markets.

Open access copy available

Opportunities and capacity for community-based forest carbon sequestration and monitoring in Ghana

Background

This paper documents the key areas which would need to be addressed in developing a monitoring plan for carbon sequestration in forest plantation in Ghana. These key areas were identified through local community engagement to understand how forest restoration plays a role in their lives and if they were equipped with the technical skills necessary to carry out monitoring work.

Open access copy available

Biodiversity–productivity relationships in small-scale mixed-species plantations using native species in Leyte province, Philippines

Background

The authors of this study identified environmental and biodiversity factors to explain variation in productivity at Rainforestation sites across the Philippine islands.

Open access copy available

The role of ecological theory and practice in poverty alleviation and environmental conservation

Background

This review emphasized the roles and tools of ecologists that would be helpful in poverty alleviation internationally.  Specifically, knowledge of sustainable sources of energy, provision of clean water, functional traits of vegetation, and design of agro-forestry systems were cited as examples of knowledge that would be helpful for cross-disciplinary strategies.

Open access copy available

Social Capital in Biodiversity Conservation and Management

Background

The article begins with a description of the opposing views of the roles of smallholders in conservation strategies.  On the one hand they directly use resources that external agencies attempt to protect, on the other hand these people have intimate knowledge of these systems.  Thus leading to the question, “Could local people play a greater role in biodiversity conservation and management?” (Pretty, 2004).

Open access copy available