General

Public Perceptions of Mangrove Forests Matter for Their Conservation

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Bridging conservation and policy: evaluating national targets to reduce mangrove loss under the Kunming–Montreal biodiversity framework

Background

This research examines the alignment between the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) targets and national efforts to halt mangrove loss. Under the Convention on Biological Diversity, GBF’s Targets 1 and 3 aim to reduce habitat loss and expand protected areas to conserve 30% of critical ecosystems by 2030. Mangroves, vital for biodiversity, carbon storage, and coastal protection, continue to experience degradation due to both human and natural drivers. Despite partial success in global mangrove protection, national policies often fail to address underlying drivers of degradation or incorporate specific, measurable conservation actions.

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The weak land carbon sink hypothesis

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Land availability and policy commitments limit global climate mitigation from forestation

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The changing global carbon cycle: linking plant–soil carbon dynamics to global consequences

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Addressing critiques refines global estimates of reforestation potential for climate change mitigation

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Protect, manage and then restore lands for climate mitigation

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Towards more effective integration of tropical forest restoration and conservation

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The Restoration of Degraded Lands by Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples

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Land degradation is a global ecological crisis that threatens biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. Over 75% of land worldwide is affected, impacting the livelihoods of 3.2 billion people. Causes include deforestation, desertification, unsustainable agriculture, and climate change. In response, the United Nations launched the “Decade on Ecosystem Restoration” (2021–2030) to promote land restoration and achieve Land Degradation Neutrality. Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) manage a significant portion of intact ecosystems and possess deep ecological knowledge, making them vital actors in restoration efforts.

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Forests, food, and fuel in the tropics: the uneven social and ecological consequences of the emerging political economy of biofuels

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