Silvopasture and Livestock Management
A historical analysis of the drivers of loss and degradation of Indonesia’s mangrovesBackgroundIndonesia is an important global hotspot for mangroves, with Indonesia containing over 20% of the world’smangroves. Low-lying mangrove areas are important for shrimp farming in Indonesia, both for local and international markets, which has led to mangrove deforestation and complex mangrove land-use governance. To develop more sustainable mangrove management strategies, it is important to assess Indonesia’s history of mangrove management to understand the main drivers of deforestation. Available with subscription or purchase |
A Water Quality Evaluation of Integrated Mangrove Aquaculture System for Water Treatment in Super-Intensive White Leg Shrimp PondBackgroundWhite leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming is an integral part of Indonesia’s international market. Economic pressure to expand white leg shrimp aquaculture ponds leads to deforestation and degradation of mangroves. However, integrating shrimp aquaculture with mangroves can be a way to improve pond sustainability and environmental quality, especially in super-intensive aquaculture systems, which are highly controlled, technology-based aquaculture ponds that have high stocking densities to maximize shrimp yields. Open access copy available |
Integrated mangrove-shrimp cultivation: Potential for blue carbon sequestrationBackgroundMangrove deforestation and degradation have increased due to the growth of shrimp farming in tropical coastal environments. This has serious implications for global climate change mitigation, since mangroves are the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics, and converting mangroves into aquaculture ponds increases blue carbon emissions. Integrated mangrove-shrimp cultivation systems can help to prevent mangrove loss and curb blue carbon emissions through pairing shrimp aquaculture with mangrove restoration. Open access copy available |
Exploring environmental condition of silvofishery pond to support the sustainability of mangrove management in Berau Regency, IndonesiaBackgroundOn the islands of Kalimantan and Sulawesi, Indonesia, mangroves are threatened by conversion into brackish water aquaculture ponds. To combat mangrove deforestation, government ministries and academia have promoted silvofishery ponds as a method of sustainably combining fish or shrimp aquaculture with mangrove restoration and protection. Understanding the biotic and abiotic factors impacting silvofishery ponds is important to inform management decisions and increase support for silvofishery ponds. Open access copy available |
Effects of different management regimes on mangrove ecosystem services in Java, IndonesiaBackgroundIndonesia’s mangrove forests have decreased from 4.5 million hectares (ha) to under 3 million ha since the 1980s, largely due to the lack of monetary value attributed to mangrove ecosystem services, leading to conversion into aquaculture. Developing a valuation system for mangroves that includes both economically valuable products (i.e., timber, food) and ecosystem services allows decision makers to better assess the impacts of management decisions on the important ecosystem services and properties provided by mangroves. Open access copy available |
Conservation for production? The benefits of mangroves for sustainable shrimp aquacultureBackgroundIncreasing shrimp demand and declining annual shrimp harvests threaten mangroves in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, due to deforestation from shrimp aquaculture expansion. Silvofishery practices that combine shrimp aquaculture with mangrove conservation are promoted to prevent further mangrove deforestation while still protecting the shrimp farming industry. Mangrove ecosystem services are essential for aquaculture systems to thrive, so it is important to determine successful biophysical elements of silvofishery systems to encourage the development of more sustainable aquaculture practices. Open access copy available |
Livestock production and the global environment: Consume less or produce better?BackgroundGlobal demand for livestock products rises rapidly, especially in developing countries. Although livestock production contributes significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, land use change, and nitrogen cycle disruptions, producers can reduce its environmental impact by improving production efficiency. This study evaluates whether shifting to more efficient livestock systems offers a viable path to mitigate these impacts, rather than relying solely on consumption reduction. Open access copy available |
Reforesting Bare Hills in Vietnam: Social and Environmental Consequences of the 5 Million Hectare Reforestation ProgramBackgroundAvailable with subscription or purchase |
Nitrogen Fixing Trees for Animal Production on Acid SoilsBackgroundNitrogen-fixing trees play a crucial role in improving pasture and livestock systems on acid soils, which are prevalent in tropical regions. Acid soils often challenge agricultural productivity due to low fertility and high aluminum toxicity. Nitrogen-fixing trees, such as Erythrina poeppigiana, Cratylia argentea, and Alnus acuminata, enhance soil chemistry and fertility by adding nitrogen through organic matter and improving physical soil properties like porosity and bulk density. They are integrated into silvopastoral systems, where trees and shrubs coexist with pastures, offering multiple benefits such as soil stabilization, increased forage quality, and diversified farm outputs. Open access copy available |
Agrosilvopastoral Systems: A Practical Approach Toward Sustainable AgricultureBackgroundAvailable with subscription or purchase |
