Economic incentives

China's sloping land conversion program: Institutional innovation or business as usual?

Background

China’s Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) is the largest land retirement program in the developing world, having the goal of converting 14.67 million hectares of cropland to forests by 2010, primarily targeting high-slope and marginal lands. The program is being implemented in more than 2000 counties across 25 provinces in China and affects tens of millions of rural households using PES models to promote afforestation.

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Putting Participatory Domestication into Practice in West and Central Africa

backgroud

This article reviews the process of participatory community tree domestication in central Africa.

Research Goals & Methods

In case studies examined, nurseries were planned in coordination between the International Center for Agroforestry Research and local communities, and the two groups divided the funding and supply of nursery materials. No salaries were paid to the farmers working in the nursery. ICRAF staff trained community members in propagation techniques. 

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Taungya in the Philippines

background

This book chapter provides a description of the ecological effects of deforestation in the Philippines and a history of the failed social forestry programs that began in the 1970s.

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Smallholder timber plantation development in Indonesia: what is preventing progress?

Background

In the context of a supply-demand problem in Indonesia’s forestry sector in 2006 causing an increase in illegal logging, the government of Indonesia undertook measures to stem illegal logging and incentivize plantations. This paper evaluates a community timber plantation program in Indonesia called HTR (Hutan Tanaman Rakyat, community timber plantation).

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Timber Investment Returns for Selected Plantations and Native Forests in South America and the Southern United States

background

This study examines the value of timber investments in South America. Exotic Eucalyptus in the southern cone (Argentina + Chile) are the most profitable, with Internal Rate of Return of 13-23%, followed by exotic loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), whereas investments in the southeast USA is less profitable.

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Trade-offs between tree cover, carbon storage and floristic biodiversity in reforesting landscapes

background

The multiple benefits of reforestation projects for carbon sequestration, biodiversity, and other ecosystem services are taken as a given. Yet not all forests are equal. Plantation-type reforestation projects typically undertaken for carbon sequestration are known for low species richness and inadequate provision of other ecosystem services. This study explores the relationships between an increase in tree cover area and changes in forest carbon storage and the potential of a landscape to provide habitat for native floristic biodiversity.

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Manejo, uso y aprovechamiento de frutales nativos de la Amazonia Colombiana (Management and use of native fruit trees of the Colombian Amazon)

Desde los mediados de la década de los 80’s, las especies frutales de la Cuenca Amazónica fueron identificadas como una alternativa productiva.

Los autores presentan aspectos de la comercialización de especies frutales nativas de la Amazonia Colombiana, en el contexto mundial del mercado de productos exóticos (frescos y procesados) que ha crecido continuamente.

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Evaluación técnica y financiera de la silvicultura desarrollada en un bosque natural de la Guayana venezolana (Technical and financial evaluation of silvicultural management in the Venezuelan Guayana)

Los autores analizan el funcionamiento de una empresa forestal que ejecuta, desde 1996, un plan de ordenación y manejo forestal en un bosque seco tropical, El Dorado- Tumeremo, con una superficie productiva 66 000 ha (Estado Bolívar, Venezuela). Se aprovechan unas 30 especies según diámetros mínimos de corta, clasificadas según su potencial comercial: las comerciales (Hymenaea courbaril, Pouteria caimito, Spondias mombin, Cordia alliodora, Andira sp., Manilkara bidentata y Peltogyne pubescens), las potencialmente comerciales (Cordia bicolor, Fagara martinicense, Tetragastris panamensis, Ceiba pentandra, Brosi- mun alicastrum, Aspidosperma megalocarpum, Astronium lecontei) y las que no tienen valor com

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Reforestation Strategies Amid Social Instability: Lessons from Afghanistan

Background

This study evaluates recent reforestation programs in Afghanistan in anticipation of larger scale programs needed to address watershed-scale degradation.

Research Goals & Methods

It surveys reforestation programs in rural upper watershed areas in Afghanistan in order to provide insight for similar problems in insecure regions elsewhere, especially where reforestation may help reverse degradation and assist with social stabilization efforts.

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Financial, Economic and Environmental Profitability of Reforestation of Imperata Grasslands in Indonesia

background

This study assesses the profitability of roundwood production in forest plantations established on Imperata grasslands in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Research Goals & Methods

This study uses the discounted cash flow method on the Riam Kiwa reforestation trial area. It also explores the importance of fiscal incentives to financial profitability of roundwood production in forest plantations established on Imperata grasslands.

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